Atkins Reservoir has a surface area of 51 acres and a capacity of about 200 million gallons of water. The reservoir is part of the Amherst drinking water system, which also includes three other reservoir dams in Pelham. Atkins Reservoir is surrounded by watershed land that is managed by the Department of Public Works for forestry and recreation purposes. The reservoir is sometimes closed temporarily due to low water levels or maintenance issues.

Atkins Reservoir, while located in Shutesbury, is managed as a water supply for the city of Amherst.